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Chapter 3 :- Macro Nutrients

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  Simple Carbohydrates vs Complex Carbohydrates: Simple Carbohydrate Complex Carbohydrate Simple carbohydrates contain single molecule or smaller chains of sugar. Complex carbohydrates contain longer chains of sugar molecules than simple carbohydrates. Simple carbohydrates are quicker to digest than complex carbohydrates. Complex carbohydrates take longer to digest and are a more stable source of energy. Simple carbohydrates are in foods such as table sugar and syrups. Complex carbohydrates are present in foods such as bread and pasta. Milk and milk products contain simple carbohydrate. These foods do not contain fiber but are rich in protein, calcium, and vitamin D Complex carbohydrates found in whole foods tend to be highly nutritious Deficiency of carbohydrates - The daily diet should not contain less than 100 g of carbohydrate. Carbohydrate deficiency is uncommon in our country as diets are cereal based. A deficiency of carbohydrate in the diet results in utilization of fat for...

Chapter 4 :- Micro Nutrients

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  (A.) Vitamins:- Definition and Classification (water and fats soluble vitamins) :- Definition :- Vitamins is the term used for a group of potent organic compounds other than proteins,carbohydrates, and fats which occur in minute quantities in food and which are essential for some specific body functions such as regulation, maintenance, growth, and protection. Many of them cannot be synthesized, at least in adequate amounts, by the body and must be obtained from the diet. Classification :- Fat-soluble vitamins:- The fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins A,D,E,and K. They require fat for their absorption and can be stored in the body. If their intake is poor, but body stores are ample, deficiency symptoms will not be seen immediately.  Water-soluble vitamins:- The water-soluble vitamins are B-complex vitamins and vitamin C. Being water soluble, they are easily absorbed and the excess consumed is excreted in the urine. They are not stored in the body.  Food sources, functions ...